Stigmatisation and discrimination are not new to migrant communities, and the AIDS epidemic has played into and reinforced existing racism and xenophobia. This factsheet looks at the way ethnic and racial groups are often perceived and judged as a group, rather than as individuals. They are stereotyped as being 'aggressive', 'unqualified', 'uneducated', or 'criminal'. There is abundant evidence to refute each of these stereotypes.