Many different strategies for teachers to support children have been advocated. This review considers which of these strategies are effective, for whom, and in what circumstances. It also aims to identify way to support trainee teachers to use such strategies. It updates an earlier review on this topic and focuses in depth on strategies evaluated in the UK. This systematic review was published by EPPI-Centre in 2003. Systematic reviews aim to find as much as possible of the research relevant to the particular research questions, and use explicit methods to identify what can reliably be said on the basis of these studies.